Unlike solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, which use silicon solar cells to convert light into electricity, thermal solar panels convert energy into heat by collecting solar radiation. The heat then is used for heating liquid. The lifespan of thermal solar panels is between 10 and 15 year. They are also more space-efficient than PV panels. They can be used with standard boilers or immersion heaters. They will need regular maintenance every two-years.
For heating individual buildings and district heating, thermal solar panel are used. They are also installed on roofs. They can generate up to 1200 kWh of heat per year. They can also be used for water collection.
There are many kinds of solar thermal panels. Certain types of solar thermal panels are non-concentrating. This means they can absorb heat from any area around them. Other types of heat collectors are concentrating. They concentrate heat from a small area. Your needs and climate will dictate the type of heat-collector you choose. Flat plate collectors are most commonly used domestically. They consist of an enclosure, a transparent cover and heat transfer fluid pipe. The enclosure is insulated to keep heat in. They can withstand temperatures as high as 200°C.
It is better to use antifreeze solutions in colder climates than water. This will prevent the panels from getting etched. You can also use heat exchangers to transfer heat between the panel and the water. A cooling component that is manual or automated can also be used.
Thermal solar panels come with an initial cost, unlike PV panels. The panels require servicing once every two year. However, these services are usually minimal and do not require a lot of effort. These systems are also easy to set up. The average solar thermal panel system will cost between PS3,000 to PS5,000. They might also be eligible for Renewable Heat Incentive.
You must decide whether you are interested in a non-concentrating or concentrating solar thermal panel before you can make a purchase decision. Also, consider where you are located, what type of heat distribution system is used, and how big the heat store. Depending on your needs, you may decide to install a solar thermal system or add solar panels to your existing water-heating system.
There are three types of thermal panels: flat plate, non-concentrating and concentrating. Each type of solar panel has its own social and environmental impacts. You will also find different prices depending on which type of solar thermal system is purchased. You can expect your solar heating system to produce between 50% and 60% depending on your water heating requirements.
Whether you are looking for a concentrating or non-concentrating model, you can expect to pay about PS3,000 to PS5,000 to install a solar thermal panel system. The cost is higher, however, if you need a heat exchanger or an automatic cooling component. The cost also depends on the overall rate at which you use water.